Fri Oct 11 2024

113 articles - From Friday Oct 04 2024 to Friday Oct 11 2024

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Guidelines

Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Consensus Statements on Assessments and Vaccinations Prior to Commencement of Advanced Therapies for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

These consensus statements combine vaccination and assessments on the currently available advanced therapies for IBD as a single comprehensive document that may reduce IBD complications associated with use of advanced therapies. Knowledge gaps identified during the consensus process will provide further research opportunities.

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Gastrointest Endosc

American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy guideline on the role of endoscopy in the diagnosis and management of solid pancreatic masses: summary and recommendations.

Finally, in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer and abdominal pain, the ASGE suggests the use of CPN as an adjunct for the treatment of abdominal pain. This document outlines the process, analyses, and decision approaches used to reach the final recommendations and represents the official ASGE recommendations on the above topics.

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Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Network Meta-Analysis: Histologic and Histo-Endoscopic Improvement and Remission With Advanced Therapy in Ulcerative Colitis.

These results support the ability of small molecules to achieve stringent endpoints in moderate-to-severe UC. Histological outcome data for biologics was sparser, particularly during maintenance. Head-to-head RCTs are imperative to better inform clinical practice.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Environmental risk factors for gallbladder cancer: field-wide systematic review and meta-analysis.

This study offers a detailed appraisal and mapping of the evidence on modifiable factors for GBC. Further high-quality prospective studies are essential to validate emerging associations and inform preventive strategies in high-incidence areas.

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Global Progression Rates of Precursor Lesions for Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Similar progression rates of IM and dysplasia were observed among low and medium/high GC incidence countries. This suggests that the potential benefits of surveillance for these lesions in low-risk regions may be comparable to those of population-wide interventions in high-risk regions. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings and inform global screening and surveillance guidelines.

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Neoplastic progression risk in females with Barrett's esophagus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data.

Although females had a lower neoplastic progression risk, sex differences were smaller than previously reported and time to progression was similar for both sexes. Future research should focus on other factors than sex to identify low- and high-risk BE patients.

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Gastrointest Endosc

Efficacy and safety of covered self-expandable metal stent for malignant hilar biliary obstruction: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

RBO and stent migration was mitigated by C-SEMS removal and successful reintervention. Our findings highlight the efficacy and safety of C-SEMS in managing MHBO, warranting further research to optimize treatment strategies.

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Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Coiling plus Glue Injection Compared with Endoscopic Glue Injection Alone in Endoscopic Treatment for Gastric Varices: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

In patients with gastric varices, EUS-guided coil plus glue injection is associated with lower rebleeding and reintervention rate than EGI with no difference in pulmonary embolization rate, reintervention, abdominal pain, technical success, and mortality rate.

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Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Performance of Faecal Immunochemical Testing for Colorectal Cancer Screening at Varying Positivity Thresholds.

Increasing the FIT threshold reduces colonoscopy demand, but substantially decreases lesion detection and unfavourably changes CRC stage distribution. The risk of adverse events at colonoscopy increased with FIT threshold, requiring country-specific information on adverse events.

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Review article: The role of the gut-brain axis in inflammatory bowel disease and its therapeutic implications.

Psychological morbidity is prevalent in patients with IBD. The relationship between longitudinal disease activity outcomes, IBS-type symptom reporting, and poor psychological health is mediated via the GBA. Proactive management of psychological health should be integrated into routine care. Further clinical trials of GBA-targeted therapies, conducted in selected groups of patients with co-existent common mental disorders, or those who report IBS-type symptoms, are required to inform effective integrated models of care in the future.

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Am J Gastroenterol

A chronic hepatitis B identification and surveillance program improves care in an integrated health plan.

In this integrated healthcare system, a systematic program for surveilling and managing patients with CHB appeared beneficial for both process and clinical endpoints.

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Beyond Depression and Anxiety in IBD: Forging a Path Towards Emotional Healing.

This review will summarize the rates and postulated biopsychosocial mechanisms underlying these conditions to frame how cultivating resilience can protect against IBD symptoms and help forge a path towards emotional healing. We will also provide guidance to aid clinicians in screening for these conditions and creating a trauma-informed healthcare environment.

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Drug-Induced Acne in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Practical Guide for the Gastroenterologist.

This review examines the characteristics of drug-induced acne in IBD treatments, provides a practical guide for gastroenterologists to manage mild to moderate occurrences, and highlights when to seek specialist dermatology advice. Such approaches enable early treatment of a common and often distressing adverse event and optimizes the management of IBD by preventing the premature discontinuation or dose reduction of efficacious IBD drugs.

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Expected Eight-Week Prenatal Versus Twelve-Week Perinatal Tenofovir Alafenamide Prophylaxis to Prevent Mother-To-Child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus: A Multicenter, Prospective, Open-label, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Maternal TAF prophylaxis to prevent HBV-MTCT is generally safe and effective, and expected eight-week prenatal duration is feasible. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04850950.

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Gallstone disease is associated with an increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease: results from three prospective cohort studies.

Gallstone disease was linked to an increased risk of IBD and its subtypes, independent of traditional risk factors. Further research is needed to confirm these associations and clarify the underlying biological mechanisms.

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Liver Dysfunction and Systemic Inflammation Drive Organ Failures in Acute Decompensation of Cirrhosis: A Multi-Centric Study.

Approximately one-third of AD patients in this Indian cohort rapidly progressed to ACLF, resulting in high mortality. Early identification of patients at risk can guide targeted interventions to prevent ACLF.

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Risk Factors for Serrated Polyps: Results From a Large, Multicenter Colonoscopy-Based Study.

White race, smoking, and obesity are risk factors for precancerous SPs.

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Visual Endoscopic Retrograde Appendicitis Therapy versus Antibiotic Therapy for Treatment of Uncomplicated Acute Appendicitis.

V-ERAT appears to be a safe and effective alternative to antibiotic therapy in treating uncomplicated AA, significantly reducing the risk of appendicitis recurrence.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Oral Antibiotic Use in Adulthood and Risk of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer: A Case-Control Study.

In a large United States healthcare setting, there was no conclusive evidence of an association between oral antibiotic use in adulthood and risk of EOCRC.

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Prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver-related events in anti-HDV positive individuals.

Anti-HDV positive individuals are at high risk of adverse liver-related outcomes. The incidences of HCC was negligible among individuals without cirrhosis and among individuals with low baseline PAGE-B and/or FIB-4 scores. Therefore, these score can be used to guide HCC surveillance strategies and potentially also for treatment prioritization.

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acFibroMASH index for the diagnosis of fibrotic MASH and prediction of liver-related events: An international multicenter study.

This multi-ethnic study validates the acMASH index as a reliable, non-invasive test for identifying MASH. The newly proposed acFibroMASH index is a reliable test for identifying fibrotic MASH and predicting the risk of LREs.

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Endoscopy

Clinical evaluation of a novel therapeutic single-use gastroscope: a pilot feasibility study.

The therapeutic single-use gastroscope demonstrated feasibility in various therapeutic procedures, however, a crossover rate of 16% and an average user quality assessment score of 3.2 on the Likert scale suggest that further technical improvements of the device are necessary.

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Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists significantly affect the quality of bowel preparation for colonoscopy.

Our findings highlight the necessity for special attention and tailored recommendations for both diabetic and nondiabetic patients treated with GLP-1RAs in terms of colonic preparation prior to colonoscopy.

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Gastroenterology

Safety and Tolerability of CP101, a full spectrum, oral microbiome therapeutic for the prevention of recurrent C. difficile infection: A Phase 2 Randomized Controlled Trial.

CP101 was superior to placebo in reducing recurrent CDI with a safety profile similar to placebo.

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Gastrointest Endosc

Adverse Events of the Over The Scope Endoscopic Clips and Cutters: A MAUDE Database Analysis.

OVESCO® clips and cutters are associated with potential device malfunctions and patient complications, particularly gastrointestinal perforation. The findings highlight the need for careful patient selection, meticulous technique, and close post-procedural monitoring. Collaborative efforts among stakeholders are essential to optimize device safety and efficacy. Continued post-marketing surveillance and real-world data analysis are crucial for monitoring the performance of endoscopic devices and improving patient outcomes.

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Endoscopic Ultrasound-guided Transesophageal Fine-Needle Biopsy of Lung Masses: Diagnostic Performance and Safety.

Transesophageal EUS-FNB is a feasible and safe diagnostic method of tissue sampling for lung masses reachable by EUS.

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Evaluating the Efficacy of a Novel Hemostatic Powder Compared to Traditional Treatments in Non-Variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Multicenter, Randomized Non-inferiority Study.

CEGP-003 demonstrates promise as an initial endoscopic therapy for NVUGIB, however close monitoring is warranted due to the risk of re-bleeding (Cris.nih.go.kr, number KCT0004655).

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RATES OF REPEAT EGD IN NON-DIABETIC ADULTS WITH GLUCAGON-LIKE-PEPTIDE- 1 RECEPTOR AGONIST PRESCRIPTION: A RETROSPECTIVE MATCHED COHORT STUDY.

GLP-1 RAs may not substantially increase the risk of repeat endoscopy in individuals without diabetes.

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The Impact of Difficult Biliary Cannulation on Post-ERCP Pancreatitis: A Secondary Analysis of the Stent versus Indomethacin Trial Dataset.

DBC confers higher PEP risk in additive fashion to pre-procedural risk factors. PD wire passages appear to add the greatest PEP risk in DBCs, but combining indomethacin with PD stenting reduces this risk, even with increasing PD wire passages.

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Use Patterns, Technical Challenges and Patient Selection Associated With Single Use Duodenoscopes & Duodenoscopes With Single Use Endcaps In The United States & Canada.

This first-of-its-kind large scale survey of use patterns and functionality of newly introduced duodenoscopes is notable for fairly widespread use of the duodenoscopes with single use endcaps and more limited use of the single use duodenoscope. Both novel duodenoscope designs are associated with mechanical limitations that respondents indicate represent challenges to successful completion of ERCPs.

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Gut

Effects of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate on intrahepatic viral burden and liver immune microenvironment in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

TDF significantly reduced intrahepatic integrated and non-integrated HBV DNA, exerting disparate effects on HBV core+ and HBsAg+ cells and on different immune cell subsets. Our data suggest there may be differential cytotoxic T cell-mediated killing of HBV core+ versus HBsAg+ hepatocytes, providing insights for HBV cure strategies.

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Endoscopic sphincterotomy to prevent post-ERCP pancreatitis after self-expandable metal stent placement for distal malignant biliary obstruction (SPHINX): a multicentre, randomised controlled trial.

This trial found that endoscopic sphincterotomy was not superior to no sphincterotomy in reducing PEP in patients with distal MBO. Therefore, there was insufficient evidence to recommend routine endoscopic sphincterotomy prior to FCEMS placement.

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Multiomics of the intestine-liver-adipose axis in multiple studies unveils a consistent link of the gut microbiota and the antiviral response with systemic glucose metabolism.

These data provide comprehensive insights into the microbiome-gut-adipose-liver axis and its impact on systemic insulin action, suggesting potential therapeutic targets.Cite Now.

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Systemic messenger RNA replacement therapy is effective in a novel clinically relevant model of acute intermittent porphyria developed in non-human primates.

This novel model significantly expands our understanding of AIP at the molecular, biochemical and clinical levels and confirms the safety and translatability of multiple systemic administration of hPBGD mRNA as a potential aetiological AIP treatment.

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Hepatology

Drug treatments to prevent first decompensation in cirrhosis.

While many drugs are being investigated, much work is still needed to identify treatment targets with effective outcomes in order to move the needle in the field of cirrhosis management. This narrative review will address the current state of cirrhosis therapies including potential new therapeutic targets as well as provide direction on future advancements that will improve our current treatment paradigm and lead to better outcomes for those burdened with cirrhosis.

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Evaluating the positive predictive value of code-based identification of cirrhosis and its complications utilizing GPT-4.

LLM-based classification was highly accurate versus manual chart review in identifying cirrhosis and its complications - this allowed us to assess the performance of code-based classification at scale using LLMs as a silver standard. These results suggest LLMs could augment or replace code-based cohort classification and raise questions regarding the necessity of chart review.

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LncRNA H19 promoted alcohol-associated liver disease through dysregulation of alternative splicing and methionine metabolism.

This study identifies a novel mechanism whereby H19, via PTBP1-mediated BHMT regulation, influences methionine metabolism in ALD. Targeting the H19-PTBP1-BHMT pathway may offer new therapeutic avenues for ALD.

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Prevalence of hepatitis C virus hypervariable region 1 insertions and their role in antibody evasion.

HVR1 insertion prevalence and NAb sensitivity modulation indicate they represent a mechanism by which HCV evades emerging NAbs during infection.

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J Hepatol

FABP5<sup>+</sup> lipid-loaded macrophages process tumor-derived unsaturated fatty acid signal to suppress T-cell antitumor immunity.

This study demonstrates that UFAs promote tumourigenesis by enhancing the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment via FABP5-PPAR signaling and provides a proof-of-concept for targeting this pathway to improve tumour immunotherapy.

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Inhibition of ATGL alleviates MASH via impaired PPARα signalling that favours hydrophilic bile acid composition in mice.

Inhibition of ATGL attenuates PPARα signalling, translating into hydrophilic BAs, interfering with dietary lipid absorption, and improving metabolic disturbances. The validation with NG-497 opens a new therapeutic perspective for MASLD. Impact and implications The global prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a crucial public health concern. Since adherence to behavioural interventions is limited, pharmacological strategies are necessary, as highlighted by the recent FDA approval of resmetirom. However, since our current mechanistic understanding and pathophysiology-oriented therapeutic options for MASLD are still limited, novel mechanistic insights are urgently needed. Our present work uncovers that pharmacological inhibition of ATGL, the key enzyme in lipid hydrolysis using Atglistatin (ATGLi), improves metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), fibrosis, and associated key features of metabolic dysfunction in a mouse model of MASH and MCD-induced liver fibrosis. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that attenuation of PPARα signalling in the liver and gut favours hydrophilic bile acid composition, ultimately interfering with dietary lipid absorption. One of the drawbacks of ATGLi is its lack of efficacy against human ATGL, thus limiting its clinical applicability. Against this backdrop, we could show that ATGL inhibition using the human inhibitor NG-497 in human primary ileum-derived organoids, Caco2 cells, and HepG2 cells translated into therapeutic mechanisms similar to ATGLi. Collectively, these findings open a new avenue for MASLD treatment development by inhibiting human ATGL activity.

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PNPLA3 rs738409, environmental factors and liver-related mortality in the U.S. Population.

PNPLA3 is associated with LRD and this relationship is significantly modified by anthropometric and environmental factors.

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Plasma exchange does not improve overall survival in patients with acute liver failure in a real world cohort.

PEX is now frequently used in the management of ALF patients in the UK. It is associated with significant improvement in haemodynamic parameters but there is no survival benefit.

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Risk of de novo HCC in patients with MASLD following direct-acting antiviral-induced cure of HCV infection.

MASLD significantly mediated CMRFs for HCC development. Our findings underscore the critical importance of pharmacological interventions and proactive lifestyle modifications to control CMRFs in patients with MASLD, as well as the need for vigilant HCC surveillance to ensure favorable outcomes following HCV eradication.

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Editorial: Addressing Unmet Needs and Socioeconomic Disparity in Patients With Autoimmune Hepatitis.

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Editorial: Distinct Challenges of Paediatric From Adult-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Implications of Aggressive Disease Phenotypes and Early Biologic Therapy in Children.

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Editorial: Effectiveness and safety of ustekinumab in ulcerative colitis-Where we are now.

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Editorial: Inflammation and Not Glucocorticoid Therapy is the Key Driver of Fracture Risk in IBD.

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Editorial: Prediction in Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Do the Answers Lie in Big Clinical Data?

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Editorial: Predictive Factors and Survival Outcome of Conversion Therapy for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Receiving Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab: Comparative Analysis of Conversion, Partial Response and Complete Response Patients.

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Editorial: Re-evaluating early surgery in Ileocaecal Crohn's disease.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Editorial: Getting to the Real Skinny on GLP-1RAs and the Risk of Aspiration During Endoscopy.

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The impact of immigration status on gastric cancer risk in a Community Hospital in New York City.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Gastrointest Endosc

Lumen-Apposing Metal Stents in 2024: Trouble-shooting and Managing Common and Uncommon Adverse Events.

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Miscellaneous

misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…

Am J Gastroenterol

A Case of Ileal Follicular Lymphoma Mimicking a Laterally Spreading Tumor.

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A Practical Approach to the Management of Incidentally Found Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors.

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Calendar of Courses, Symposiums and Conferences.

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Evaluating the Use of Augmented Reality in Endoscopy.

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Hydrochloric acid enema induced corrosive proctocolitis.

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Medical Device Malfunction Reporting.

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Minding Reflux.

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Pancreatitis as a Matter of Fat: The Causal Role of High Intrapancreatic Fat Deposition.

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Predicting and preventing bleeding in patients with cirrhosis undergoing procedures.

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Response to Menon.

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Supradiaphragmatic Gastric Monodermal Teratoma With Bronchus-Like Structures.

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The Critical Role of Social Work in Addressing the Global Burden of Gastric Cancer in Adolescents and Young Adults.

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The Role of Yes in Academic Medicine.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Preparing the Next Generation of Gastroenterologists to Tackle Climate Change.

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Endoscopy

Complete closure of large rectal wound and perforation using a novel through-the-scope twin clip.

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Endoscopic biliary drainage using a narrow-diameter endoscope in a patient with obstructive jaundice and pancreatic cancer.

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Endoscopic management of multiple sessile serrated lesions in both the ileocecal region and the appendix cavity.

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Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage using a novel visibility enhancement mode of a fluoroscopic system.

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Endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage for previously drained postoperative peripancreatic fluid collection using the re-expansion method.

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Endoscopic ultrasound-guided salvage technique for pancreatic duct injury during endoscopic papillectomy.

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Hemostasis using a novel self-assembling peptide for a bleeding gastric hyperplastic polyp after endoscopic resection.

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Innovative thin endoscopic combination surgery in upper gastrointestinal tract: A case of endoscopic submucosal dissection and endoscopic hand suturing for gastric tumor.

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Let's appose our hands together and anastomose the digestive tract - that's our destiny.

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Novel self-expandable metallic stent with dumbbell-shape and spiral outer cover for malignant distal biliary obstruction.

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Peroral endoscopic myotomy for sigmoid-type achalasia after Heller myotomy and endoscopic submucosal dissection for an early esophageal cancer in a single endoscopic procedure.

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Successful removal of a migrated stent retriever tip using wire-guided forceps.

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Unassisted single-channel transcolonic endoscopic appendectomy for an appendiceal neuroma.

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Gastroenterology

Early Life Exposure to Parental Crohn's disease is Associated with Offspring's Gut Microbiome, Gut Permeability and Increased Risk of Future Crohn's Disease.

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Engineering therapeutic T<sub>regs</sub> to overexpress GPR15 improves functional fitness for in vivo gut homing.

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Hidden Footprints in Ascites: Lessons from a Mystery Enduring for 200 Years.

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Immune checkpoint inhibitor induced colitis.

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Persistent severe abdominal pain in a 40-year-old male patient.

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The Educational Impact of the GI Hospitalist Model on Gastroenterology Fellowship Training.

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Use of Large Language Models to Identify Surveillance Colonoscopy Intervals - A Feasibility Study.

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Gastrointest Endosc

In Memoriam: Richard E. Sampliner, MD.

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Top Tips for finding and treating serrated colon lesions.

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Gut

Need for standardised approaches to human microbiome research using the example of colorectal neoplasia research.

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Hepatology

New ubiquitomic subtypes in hepatocellular carcinoma: Insights for future therapeutic approaches.

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Editorial: Distinct Challenges of Paediatric From Adult-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Implications of Aggressive Disease Phenotypes and Early Biologic Therapy in Children-Authors' Reply.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Editorial: Effectiveness and Safety of Ustekinumab in Ulcerative Colitis-Where We Are Now in Real Life. Authors' Reply.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Editorial: Predictive Factors and Survival Outcome of Conversion Therapy for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Receiving Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab: Comparative Analysis of Conversion, Partial Response and Complete Response Patients. Authors' Reply.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Editorial: Re-Evaluating Early Surgery in Ileocaecal Crohn's Disease. Author's Reply.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Letter: Allostatic Load and Adverse Prognosis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Need More Evidence. Authors' Reply.

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Letter: Allostatic load and adverse prognosis in inflammatory bowel disease-Need more evidence.

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Letter: Differences in Disease Characteristics and Treatment Exposures Between Paediatric and Adult-Onset IBD.

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Letter: Incidence and Predictors of Major Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients on Aspirin, Low-Dose Rivaroxaban or the Combination: Secondary Analysis of the COMPASS Randomised Controlled Trial.

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Letter: Incidence and Predictors of Major Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients on Aspirin, Low-Dose Rivaroxaban or the Combination: Secondary Analysis of the COMPASS Randomised Controlled Trial. Authors' Reply.

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Letter: Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Primary Biliary Cholangitis-Friend, Foe or Red Herring?

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Letter: Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Primary Biliary Cholangitis-Friend, Foe or Red Herring? Authors' Reply.

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Letter: Zinc and Selenium-Potential Biomarkers for Chronic Liver Disease? Authors' Reply.

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Letter: Zinc and selenium-Potential biomarkers for chronic liver disease?

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Low prevalence of submucosal cancer in large right colon LSL: matter of case selection!

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Response to A Lin, A Jiang, P Luo.

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The Critical Role of Accurate Diagnosis and Risk-Stratification in Safe and Precise EUS-Guided Pancreatic Cyst Ablation.

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Gut

<b>Unravelling lipidomic disruptions across multiple tissues in</b> <i><b>Chd8</b></i> -<b>mutant ASD mice through integration of lipidomics and single-cell transcriptomics</b>.

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Environmental and healthcare trade-offs between single-use and reusable gastroscopes.

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Exploring the role of genetics, gut microbiota and blood metabolites in IBD.

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J Hepatol

Community Health Strategies for Chronic Hepatitis B: Advancing Care with the ALT/qHBsAg Ratio.

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Highlighting the Impact of Hormonal Factors on Hepatic Cystogenesis: Implications for Pathophysiology and Clinical Practice.

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STRIDE's Efficacy and Safety in Asian Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

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